Biofilms

Microorganisms tend to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms composed of cells surrounded by polymers and particles. Biofilm formation is common in water systems, including potable water pipes, hot water tanks, cooling towers, sinks, and shower heads, within healthcare facilities. These biofilms are typically sparse and heterogeneous rather than a continuous slime or film. Both stagnant and flowing conditions can facilitate biofilm growth, making storage tanks and water system pipes susceptible, especially if temperatures support the growth of thermophilic bacteria like Legionella spp. Failure to clean these structures and equipment for extended periods provides favorable conditions for biofilm formation.

Read: https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/environmental-control/appendix...